{"id":3124,"date":"2023-06-06T11:38:17","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T06:08:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rangakrish.com\/?p=3124"},"modified":"2023-06-06T11:38:17","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T06:08:17","slug":"c23-stacktrace-library","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rangakrish.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/06\/c23-stacktrace-library\/","title":{"rendered":"C++23: “stacktrace” Library"},"content":{"rendered":"

The ability to enumerate stack frames at runtime is one of the interesting features introduced in C++23<\/strong><\/em>. This is made possible through the <stacktrace><\/strong><\/em> header.<\/p>\n

The interface is quite simple. Here is a piece of code showing how to use the library.<\/p>\n

\"Enumerating<\/a>
Enumerating Stack Frames<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

There are 4 functions and here is the call chain:<\/p>\n

\"The<\/a>
The Call Chain<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The \u201cdumpStackTrace()\u201d<\/strong><\/em> function gets the currently active stack frame sequence, enumerates over each frame and dumps the function name, source file and line number.<\/p>\n

Here is the program output:<\/p>\n

\"Program<\/a>
Program Output<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The output shows 10 stack frames, starting with \u201cdumpStackTrace()\u201d<\/strong><\/em>, going up to \u201cmain()\u201d<\/strong><\/em> and even beyond. Keep in mind that this information is implementation dependent.<\/p>\n

Let us now set a breakpoint in the code and look at the stack structure at runtime within Visual Studio IDE<\/strong><\/em>. Here is the code with breakpoint:<\/p>\n

\"Setting<\/a>
Setting Breakpoint in Code<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

When you debug this program, control stops at the breakpoint and you can see the active stack frames:<\/p>\n

\"Debug<\/a>
Debug Stack Trace<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

You can see that this more or less matches our earlier output.<\/p>\n

If needed, we can get the number of active stack frames in the current environment and access any of these frames using the indexing \u201c[]\u201d<\/strong><\/em> operator. This is shown in the revised \u201cdumpStackTrace()\u201d<\/strong><\/em> function:<\/p>\n

\"Accessing<\/a>
Accessing Stack Frames Directly<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Here, I am only accessing the topmost 4 frames (up to \u201cmain()\u201d<\/strong><\/em>). This is the corresponding output:<\/p>\n

\"Controlled<\/a>
Controlled Access to Stack Frames<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The <stacktrace><\/strong><\/em> library, while permitting access to the individual stack frames with basic details, doesn\u2019t allow us to access the contained local variables. Maybe that will be part of a future extension.<\/p>\n

Since this feature is part of C++23<\/strong><\/em>, you have to enable the corresponding setting in Visual Studio<\/strong><\/em>:<\/p>\n

\"Enabling<\/a>
Enabling C++23 Language Support<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

I used Visual Studio 2022<\/strong><\/em> (64 bit Edition), version 17.6.2<\/strong><\/em> for this experiment.<\/p>\n

Have a great week!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The ability to enumerate stack frames at runtime is one of the interesting features introduced in C++23. This is made possible through the <stacktrace> header. The interface is quite simple. Here is a piece of code showing how to use the library. There are 4 functions and here is the call chain: The \u201cdumpStackTrace()\u201d function […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[49,17],"tags":[361,363],"class_list":["post-3124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c","category-programming","tag-c23","tag-stacktrace-library"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9OLnF-Oo","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1770,"url":"https:\/\/www.rangakrish.com\/index.php\/2019\/11\/10\/calling-c-methods-from-sicstus-prolog-through-com-interface\/","url_meta":{"origin":3124,"position":0},"title":"Calling C# Methods from Sicstus Prolog through COM Interface","author":"admin","date":"November 10, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Recently\u00a0I needed to make use of a C# library (which I had implemented a few years ago) from Sicstus Prolog. 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